The Mechanical Engineering Handbook



Buoyancy Force

Buoyancy Force Equation



$$ F_b = \rho g \Delta h $$ where:

Fb   =   Buoyancy Force (N)

ρ   =   Density of the fluid   (kg/m³)

g   =   Acceleration due to gravity   (m/s²)

Δ h   =   Height difference in the fluid column   (m)


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Equation Assumptions



  • The fluid is in hydrostatic equalibrium.
  • The fluid is incompressible.
  • Density of the fluid remains constant.
  • Object is fully or partially submerged.
  • There are no significant viscous forces.