The Mechanical Engineering Handbook



Bending Stress

Simple Beam Bending Stress Equation



$$ \sigma = \frac{My}{I} $$ where:

σ   =   Bending Stress   (N/m² or Pa)

M   =   Bending Moment   (Nm)

y   =   Distance from neutral axis   (m)

I   =   Moment of inertia of the cross section (m4)

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Equation Assumptions



  • The material is linear elastic, i.e. it behaves according to Hooke's Law.
  • The material is homogeneous and isotropic.
  • The deformation of the beam is small, such that the geometry of the beam remains practically unchanged when under load.
  • The beam is under pure bending without axial or shear forces.