The Mechanical Engineering Handbook



Convection: Steady State

Steady State Convection Equation



$$ Q = hA(T_s - T_\infty) $$ where:

Q   =   Heat transfer rate   (W)

h   =   Convective heat transfer coefficient   (W/m²K)

A   =   Surface area through which heat is conducted   (m²)

Ts   =   Temperature of the surface   (K)

T   =   Temperature of fluid   (K)


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Equation Assumptions



  • The system is in steady state.
  • Heat transfer is considered as being one-dimensional.
  • There is no change in phase.
  • The surface temperature is uniform.