where:
hf = Head Loss (m)
f = Darcy Friction Factor (dimensionless)
L = Length of pipe (m)
D = Diameter of the pipe (m)
v = Flow velocity (m/s)
g = Gravitational Acceleration (m/s²)
- The fluid is incompressible and Newtonian.
- The fluid is in a steady flow.
- The flow is fully developed.
- There are no significant local energy losses.